Precision Planetary Gear Reducer

Technical Parameters

Forms of Gear Failure in Reducers and Solutions

Tooth Surface Pitting and Scuffing

During gear transmission, the contact stress at various points on the contact surface shows pulsating cyclic changes. After a period of time, cracks will form due to metal fatigue on the contact surface. The expansion of these cracks will cause metal spalling, forming pitting. This situation can be prevented by measures such as increasing tooth surface hardness and reducing surface roughness.

Under conditions of high speed, heavy load, or lubrication failure, gears can develop local high temperatures on the tooth surface, leading to adhesive welding on the contact surface. This phenomenon is called scuffing. To prevent scuffing, tooth surface hardness and smoothness should be improved. Different steel grades should be selected for different gear models, and proper selection of lubricating oil is an important measure to reduce gear failure.

2.4 Failure Caused by Tooth Surface Plastic Deformation

Plastic deformation mainly includes ripples and ridge-like extensions caused by rolling and hammering deformation. This is primarily due to the relatively soft gear material, which causes metal flow along the friction direction. Changes in temperature and humidity in the gear working environment can also cause plastic deformation of the tooth surface. Higher viscosity lubricating oil can be selected to prevent plastic deformation, or tooth surface hardness can be increased.

Finding the true causes of gear transmission failure in reducers is essential for solving corresponding problems, ensuring the effectiveness of mechanical operation, improving operational efficiency, and promoting work progress.

Solutions to Gear Surface Wear Preventing Transmission in Reducers

In the process of gear transmission in reducers, tooth surface wear is inevitable. Tooth surface wear also includes adhesive wear, abrasive wear, scoring, corrosive wear, and scuffing. For adhesive wear, lubrication is the primary factor. If the lubricating oil film is complete and sufficiently thick, metal-to-metal contact will be reduced, and wear will not occur.

If the oil film temperature and pressure are the same, higher oil viscosity results in less wear. Under conditions of low speed, heavy load, or extreme temperatures, the oil film may break down. In such cases, wear occurs on most of the tooth surface except for the pitch circle. This type of wear can be improved by increasing tooth surface hardness, reducing surface roughness, and increasing oil viscosity.

Abrasive wear and scoring mainly refer to impurities in the lubricant or the generation of wear debris due to metal-to-metal contact during operation, leading to gear wear in the reducer and causing transmission failure.

If the gear alignment is proper and scoring is not caused by raised micro-convexities on the tooth surface, the wear will extend to most areas of the gear. Corrosive wear refers to chemical reactions between substances in the lubricant and the metal on the tooth surface, resulting in metal corrosion.